Chapter 3 – Study Guide
cell
plasma membrane
nucleus
cytoplasm
cytosol
organelle
fluid mosaic model
lipid bilayer
largest component of lipid bilayer =
phospholipids (75%)
amphipathic
integral proteins
peripheral proteins
glycocalyx
membrane fluidity-do lipids move laterally?-do they
flip-flop readily?
lipid bilayer-is it self-repairing?
what increases or decreases fluidity? cholesterol?
double bonds in fatty acids?
permeable
impermeable
selectively permeable
lipid layer is permeable to: nonpolar, uncharged
molecules
lipid layer is impermeable to: ions, charged or polar
molecules
membrane potential
diffusion
passive transport
facilitated diffusion
active transport
primary active transport
secondary active transport
antiporters
symporters
osmosis
isotonic solution
hypotonic solution
hypertonic solution
exocytosis
endocytosis
receptor mediated endocytosis
phagocytosis
pinocytosis
transcytosis
cytoskeleton
microfilaments
microvilli
intermediate filaments
microtubules
centrosome
cilia
flagella
ribosomes
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
rough ER
smooth ER
golgi complex
lysosomes
mitochondrion (plural =
mitochondria)
nucleus
nucleolus (plural = nucleoli)
chromosome
chromatid
gene
genome
replication
transcription
RNA polymerase
promoter
terminator
intron
exon
translation
tRNA
codon
anticodon
polyribosome
genetic engineering
recombinant DNA
mitosis
meiosis
crossing over
cell cycle
interphase
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
apoptosis
necrosis